July 04, 2022

Are robots tools?

 

Short answer: no they don't. The long answer is, that the interaction between robots and humans works with social roles. For example, if the robot was put into the role of a teacher and the human is in the role of a student, then the robot defines the rules but not the other way around. So the question is, why should humans accept that robots are judging about their performance? Because it makes a lot of fun to play such games.
If the robot is in the role of teacher, the human plays a serious game. The robot is some sort of game engine which judges about the situation. Similar to a games in general this interaction makes sense for humans.
The open question is, if robots can be used for something different than playing the teacher or the quiz master. Unfortunately, they can't. This would be equal to put the robot into the role of tool and use it for further tasks for example to increase the productivity. This interaction is not how robots are working. They are too expensive and to complicated to understand to use them in this way.
The main difference between a CNC machine and a cobot is, that the CNC machine can be used easily as a tool. The CNC machine fulfills a task and it is doing so very efficient. In contrast, cobots never fulfill tasks but they are creating spaces in which humans can learn something. A common interaction with a robot is that the human has to solve a programming challenge. For example, the task is that the robot has to follow a line on the ground or grasp an object. It is important to know that not the robot is doing this task, but the challenge is that the human has to program something. And if he can't, he has to search for additional information.
A good question to determine if an object is tool or the quiz master is to analyze who is fulfilling the task. A tool works by itself and the answer of the tool profits from it. This definition is correct for a hammer, cars and even the assembly line. In contrast, a teacher is an instance which is requesting work. For example a computer science teacher asks the students to write an essay or they should program an algorithm.
What robots can do perfectly is to fit in the role of a teacher. Nearly all the existing robots on the market are asking the humans to program something, to learn something about robots and show what they have learned. An endless amount of robot competitions and robot games are demonstrating this interaction.
What robots can't do is to act as a tool. This sounds a bit paradox, because the term robot is translated with worker or tool. But there is a mismatch what is described in the fictional literature and what is available in the real word. In the real world it is hard to own a robot in a sense, that the machine is doing something useful. A closer look into robotics projects like the micromouse challenge, the robocup challenge and even self driving cars will show that in all these cases the robot is useless.