Closed systems without symbol grounding

Before the advent of human to machine communication there was a different paradigm avaialble which is a closed sytem. A robot was imagined as a self-sufficient system which never receives or submits information to the environment but operates by its own logic realized in software and hardware. Typical questions for such a closed system are:

- how fast is the microcontroller in terms of RAM and Mhz
- which programming languages was used, e.g. Lisp, C/C++
- Is the microcntroller running with 5 Volt or 12 Volt
- how many lines of code has the robot control system
- which mathematical algorithm was implemented in the software
- what is the CPU consumption and the runtime of the algorithm
- is the robot using an inverse kinematics solver
- was a genetic algorithm used

These questions are asked from a classical computer science perspective which includes a mathematical, physical and computer based understanding of robotics. Its about the internal structure of a robot and ignores the environment of the system. Instead of analyzing the task e.g. a warehouse logistics problem or a kitchen cooking problem, the focus is put on the machine itself and their hard- and software.

The main property of a closed system is its inability to communicate with the environment. Its assumed that no information, energy or matter can pass between the robot and the outside world. Possible interaction like teleoperation are ignored or reframed as anti-pattern. For example a typical assumption was, that teleoperation is the opposite of automation and therefor its not needed in robotics.

Even if the robot is working by technical meaning the robot can't solve a certain complex problem because closed systems are only able to manage repeating tasks but fail in more complex applications. Artificial intelligence problems like robot control are exclusively complex task which requires a huge amount of communication from a system with its environment.