The university system in the United states are mostly described as the world leader. There is no single explanation available but quality is caused by multiple reasons. These factors are:
a) high amount of universities (4000 overall)
b) teaching language is English
c) focus on research and innovation
d) good infrastructure which includes lab equipment and libraries
An excellent university system is the result of all four factors combined. Other countries like India are good in some of the factors. For example, India has a high amount of universities and the teaching language is similar to the United States English, but India lacks in the other factors. In contrast, the university system in Germany has other strengths, for example Germany universities have a good infrastructure, but unfortunately, the teaching language isn't English and the amount of universities is very low (only 10% of the U.S.).
It seems, that especially the language English in combination with a focus on research and innovation is the cause why U.S. based universities are perceived as superior. The assumption is, that academic excellence is equal to research something new and write a paper in the language English as a result. If a country or an education system is devoted to this goal, it will ranked very high in the international university landscape.
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